Property Management System - Architecture Overview¶

This document provides a comprehensive overview of the Property Management System architecture, design principles, and technical infrastructure.

Architecture Overview¶

This project follows Clean Architecture principles with a microservices approach, organized into clear bounded contexts and layers.

Project Structure¶

PropertyManagement.sln
├── src/
│   ├── AppHost/                           # .NET Aspire orchestration & service discovery
│   ├── ServiceDefaults/                   # Shared Aspire configuration & telemetry
│   │
│   ├── Shared/                           # Cross-cutting concerns
│   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Shared.Contracts/    # Common DTOs, events, interfaces
│   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Shared.Events/       # Domain events for service communication
│   │   └── PropertyManagement.Shared.Common/       # Utilities, extensions, constants
│   │
│   ├── Services/                         # Microservices by bounded context
│   │   ├── Identity/                     # Authentication & user management
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Identity.Domain/
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Identity.Application/
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Identity.Infrastructure/
│   │   │   └── PropertyManagement.Identity.WebApi/
│   │   │
│   │   ├── PropertyManagement/           # Core property management
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Property.Domain/
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Property.Application/
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Property.Infrastructure/
│   │   │   └── PropertyManagement.Property.WebApi/
│   │   │
│   │   ├── Operations/                   # Maintenance & operations
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Operations.Domain/
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Operations.Application/
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Operations.Infrastructure/
│   │   │   └── PropertyManagement.Operations.WebApi/
│   │   │
│   │   ├── Community/                    # Community management
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Community.Domain/
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Community.Application/
│   │   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Community.Infrastructure/
│   │   │   └── PropertyManagement.Community.WebApi/
│   │   │
│   │   └── Notifications/                # Push notifications, reminders
│   │       ├── PropertyManagement.Notifications.Domain/
│   │       ├── PropertyManagement.Notifications.Application/
│   │       ├── PropertyManagement.Notifications.Infrastructure/
│   │       └── PropertyManagement.Notifications.WebApi/
│   │
│   ├── Gateways/                         # API Gateway & BFF patterns
│   │   ├── ApiGateway/
│   │   │   └── PropertyManagement.ApiGateway/      # Main API Gateway
│   │   ├── PropertyManagement.Web.Bff/             # Backend for Frontend (Web)
│   │   └── PropertyManagement.Mobile.Bff/          # Backend for Frontend (Mobile)
│   │
│   └── Infrastructure/                   # External integrations & shared infra
│       ├── PropertyManagement.MessageBus/          # Event bus
│       ├── PropertyManagement.FileStorage/         # Blob storage service
│       └── PropertyManagement.ExternalApis/        # Third-party API integrations
│
├── tests/                                # Test projects
├── docs/                                 # Architecture & API documentation
├── scripts/                              # Build & deployment automation
└── docker/                              # Container definitions

System Components¶

Frontend Applications¶

• Web Application: Next.js 15 with React 19, TypeScript, and Tailwind CSS
• Mobile Application: React Native with shared business logic
• Admin Dashboard: React-based administrative interface

Backend Services¶

API Gateway¶

• Technology: YARP (Yet Another Reverse Proxy)
• Responsibilities:
• Request routing and load balancing
• Authentication and authorization
• Rate limiting and throttling
• Request/response transformation
• API versioning

Identity Service¶

• Technology: Duende IdentityServer 7
• Responsibilities:
• User authentication and registration
• JWT token generation and validation
• Role-based access control (RBAC)
• Multi-factor authentication
• OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect

Property Service¶

• Technology: .NET 9, ASP.NET Core, Entity Framework Core
• Responsibilities:
• Property management and CRUD operations
• Unit and tenant management
• Lease management
• Property search and filtering
• Document management

Operations Service¶

• Technology: .NET 9, ASP.NET Core, Dapper
• Responsibilities:
• Maintenance request management
• Work order tracking
• Vendor management
• Staff scheduling
• Visitor management

Community Service¶

• Technology: .NET 9, ASP.NET Core, SignalR
• Responsibilities:
• Community events and announcements
• Resident communication
• Marketplace listings
• Event registration
• Community guidelines

Notifications Service¶

• Technology: .NET 9, ASP.NET Core, Hangfire
• Responsibilities:
• Email, SMS, and push notifications
• Notification templates
• Delivery scheduling
• Notification preferences
• Delivery tracking

Data Architecture¶

Database Strategy¶

• Primary Database: PostgreSQL 14+ with advanced features
• Caching Layer: Redis for session management and query caching
• Search Engine: Elasticsearch for advanced property search
• File Storage: Azure Blob Storage with CDN

Data Patterns¶

• CQRS: Command Query Responsibility Segregation for complex operations
• Event Sourcing: For audit trails and business event tracking
• Saga Pattern: For distributed transactions across services
• Circuit Breaker: For external service integration resilience

Integration Patterns¶

Service Communication¶

• Synchronous: HTTP/REST for immediate consistency requirements
• Asynchronous: Message bus (RabbitMQ) for eventual consistency
• Event-Driven: Domain events for loose coupling between services

External Integrations¶

• Payment Gateways: Stripe, PayPal integration
• Email Services: SendGrid, AWS SES
• SMS Services: Twilio, AWS SNS
• Maps and Geocoding: Google Maps API, Mapbox

Security Architecture¶

Authentication & Authorization¶

• JWT Tokens: Short-lived access tokens with refresh token rotation
• OAuth 2.0: Industry-standard authorization framework
• RBAC: Role-based access control with fine-grained permissions
• Multi-tenancy: Secure data isolation between organizations

Data Protection¶

• Encryption: AES-256 for data at rest, TLS 1.3 for data in transit
• Data Masking: Sensitive data protection in logs and responses
• Audit Logging: Comprehensive audit trail for compliance
• GDPR Compliance: Data privacy and right-to-be-forgotten support

Performance & Scalability¶

Caching Strategy¶

• Application Cache: In-memory caching for frequently accessed data
• Distributed Cache: Redis for multi-instance deployments
• CDN: Content delivery network for static assets
• Database Caching: Query result caching and connection pooling

Scalability Patterns¶

• Horizontal Scaling: Stateless services for easy scaling
• Load Balancing: Round-robin and health-check based routing
• Database Sharding: Horizontal partitioning for large datasets
• Microservices: Independent scaling of different service components

Monitoring & Observability¶

Telemetry Stack¶

• Application Insights: .NET application monitoring
• OpenTelemetry: Distributed tracing and metrics collection
• Prometheus: Metrics collection and storage
• Grafana: Visualization and alerting dashboard

Key Metrics¶

• Business Metrics: Property creation rate, user engagement
• Technical Metrics: Response times, error rates, throughput
• Infrastructure Metrics: CPU, memory, disk usage
• Security Metrics: Authentication failures, authorization violations

Deployment Architecture¶

Containerization¶

• Docker: Containerized services for consistency
• Kubernetes: Container orchestration and scaling
• Helm Charts: Kubernetes deployment templates
• Container Registry: Azure Container Registry

Infrastructure as Code¶

• Terraform: Infrastructure provisioning and management
• Azure Bicep: Azure-specific resource templates
• GitOps: Infrastructure changes through Git workflows
• Environment Management: Development, staging, production environments

Development Workflow¶

CI/CD Pipeline¶

• Source Control: Git with GitFlow branching strategy
• Build Automation: Azure DevOps or GitHub Actions
• Testing: Unit, integration, and end-to-end testing
• Deployment: Automated deployment with approval gates

Quality Gates¶

• Code Quality: SonarQube analysis and code coverage
• Security Scanning: Dependency vulnerability scanning
• Performance Testing: Load testing and performance benchmarks
• Compliance Checks: License compliance and security policies

Technology Stack Summary¶

Backend Technologies¶

• Runtime: .NET 8
• Framework: ASP.NET Core
• Orchestration: .NET Aspire
• Database: PostgreSQL 14+
• Caching: Redis 6+
• Message Bus: RabbitMQ
• Identity: Duende IdentityServer

Frontend Technologies¶

• Framework: Next.js 15, React 19
• Language: TypeScript
• Styling: Tailwind CSS
• State Management: Zustand
• Data Fetching: React Query
• Testing: Jest, React Testing Library

DevOps & Infrastructure¶

• Containerization: Docker, Kubernetes
• Infrastructure: Terraform, Azure Bicep
• Monitoring: Application Insights, Prometheus, Grafana
• CI/CD: Azure DevOps, GitHub Actions

This architecture provides a solid foundation for building a scalable, maintainable, and secure property management system that can evolve with business needs while maintaining high performance and reliability standards.